피파 한 줄 정리: Shot type (wide·medium·CU·ECU) + camera 동사 (push-in·dolly·orbit·handheld). 영화 어휘를 prompt에 쓰면 모델이 알아 들어. Slow + simple motion = 안전.
Mental model: A cinematographer doesn't just point the camera and hit record. Every shot is designed: the framing (how much of the scene you see), the movement (how the camera travels), and the duration (how long the shot holds). The same principles apply to AI video generation — and understanding them dramatically improves your results.
Shot Types and Their Effects
Shot Type What's Visible Emotional Effect ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Extreme Wide Entire environment Scale, isolation, context Wide Shot Full body + environment Establishing, spatial context Medium Shot Waist up Conversational, natural Close-Up Face / single object Emotion, intimacy, detail Extreme Close-Up Eyes, hands, texture Intensity, microscopic focus
These terms work directly in prompts because video models learned from captioned film/video data that uses this vocabulary:
Camera Movement Vocabulary
Use specific filmmaking terms — models trained on video data respond to these:
- "Static lock-off": Camera doesn't move at all. Tripod-stable. Best for consistency.
- "Slow push-in": Camera gradually moves closer to the subject. Creates focus and intimacy.
- "Pull-back reveal": Camera moves away from subject, revealing more of the environment.
- "Pan left/right": Camera rotates horizontally. Good for following motion or surveying a scene.
- "Dolly alongside": Camera moves parallel to a walking subject. Classic following shot.
- "Crane up": Camera rises vertically. Creates grandeur, reveal from above.
- "Handheld": Subtle shake and movement. Creates documentary/naturalistic feel.
- "Orbit": Camera circles around the subject. Dramatic, emphasizes the subject.
Motion Prompting Best Practices
How you describe motion in your prompt matters enormously:
"A woman moves around in a room"
"Medium shot, static camera: a woman slowly turns from the window to face the camera, soft afternoon light shifts across her face"
Key principles for motion prompting:
- Speed matters: "Slowly," "gently," "gradually" produce better results than fast motion. Slow motion is easier for models to maintain coherently.
- One action at a time: "She turns her head" is better than "She turns her head while reaching for a cup and the wind blows her hair."
- Specify what stays still: "Static camera" or "locked-off tripod shot" tells the model to keep the frame stable.
- Environmental motion is free: "Wind ruffles the grass," "clouds drift," "firelight flickers" — these add life without complex articulated motion.
- Shot types (wide, medium, close-up) set framing and emotional tone — use filmmaking vocabulary.
- Camera movement terms (push-in, pan, dolly, orbit) are understood by video models.
- Slow, simple motions are more reliable than fast, complex ones.
- Start prompts with shot type + camera instruction for best results.
- Environmental motion (wind, water, light) adds life cheaply without articulation challenges.